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Nr opisu: -article^bOryginalny artykuł naukowy^aF00^bpublikacja bezkosztowa^a0.00^01ACPartykuł w czasopiśmie polskim^a998899^b99959940.0000040.000PUNKTACJA KBNPUNKTACJA MINISTERSTWA40.000PUNKTACJA UWM^a009999.000^b009959.000^c009999.000^d009959.000202420242024Evaluation of ventilation quality conducted by firefighters during simulated cardiopulmonary resu00000468680000000077AOartykuł oryginalny naukowyPUBLIKACJAPEŁNA PUBLIKACJAABartykuł w czasopiśmie bez IF (wykaz MNiSW)AFILIACJA PODANAENGhttps://journals.viamedica.pl/disaster_and_emergency_medicine/article/view/97341100^a2451-4691^bQ^e2543-5957^iX^jXY^kQ200459^a003^b003^c2024-01-22, 13:46^d2024-04-02, 11:40^e3029828893^f3027029099^aEvaluation of ventilation quality conducted by firefighters during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation^aDisaster and Emergency Medicine Journal^a2024^bVol. 9^cno. 1^dp. 51--57^a2451-4691^b2543-5957^a2023/2024^a10.5603/demj.97341^aDudziński, Łukasz^cy^aairway patency^aFINAL_PUBLISHED^bCC-BY-NC-ND^cBEFORE_PUBLICATION^eOPEN_JOURNAL^aHigh-quality ventilation in unconscious victims is a priority action for first responders at the scene. Firefighters often arrive first at the scene, providing medical assistance at the level of qualified first aid (QFA). This research aimed to evaluate the quality of ventilation using supraglottic methods with and without visual feedback and self-inflating bags during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by members of the State Fire Service (SFS). Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in organizational units of the State Fire Service (SFS) in the Lubelskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeships (24-hour duty officers). 112 firefighters aged 26-48 years (Mean 33.1; SD 6.7), with service duration of 1-20 years (Mean 7.3; SD 4.7) participated in the study. The study involved a 2-minute supraglottic ventilation (self-expanding bag + I-gel mask, size 4: 50-90 kg). Subsequently, 2-minute ventilation was conducted with the effectiveness visible on the monitor in real-time. The following ventilation variables were recorded: frequency (per minute), the volume of each inhalation (mL), and the ratio of correct to incorrect single inhalations (%). Results: It was shown that in stage 1, firefighters more often (P < 0.001) performed ventilation at an excessively high frequency (max rate = 14 ą 4) compared to stage 2 (max rate = 11 ą 1). A statistically significant influence of the possibility of assessment and correction of rescue actions in real-time on the correct frequency (% correct - rate = 52.3 ą 30.1 vs 91.4 ą 12.1; P < 0.001) and ventilation volume (% correct - V = 40.6 ą 28.2 vs 85.3 ą 15.0; P < 0.001) was demonsj.97341^aDudziński, Łukasz^cy^aairway patency^aFINAL_PUBLISHED^bCC-BY-NC-ND^cBEFORE_PUBLICATION^eOPEN_JOURNAL^aHigh-quality ventilation in unconscious victims is a priority action for first responders at the scene. Firefighters often arrive first at the scene, providing medical assistance at the level of qualified first aid (QFA). This research aimed to evaluate the quality of ventilation using supraglottic methods with and without visual feedback and self-inflating bags during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by members of the State Fire Service (SFS). Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in organizational units of the State Fire Service (SFS) in the Lubelskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeships (24-hour duty officers). 112 firefighters aged 26-48 years (Mean 33.1; SD 6.7), with service duration of 1-20 years (Mean 7.3; SD 4.7) participated in the study. The study involved a 2-minute supraglottic ventilation (self-expanding bag + I-gel mask, size 4: 50-90 kg). Subsequently, 2-minute ventilation was conducted with the effectiveness visible on the monitor in real-time. The following ventilation variables were recorded: frequency (per minute), the volume of each inhalation (mL), and the ratio of correct to incorrect single inhalations (%). Results: It was shown that in stage 1, firefighters more often (P < 0.001) performed ventilation at an excessively high frequency (max rate = 14 ą 4) compared to stage 2 (max rate = 11 ą 1). A statistically significant influence of the possibility of assessment and correction of rescue actions in real-time on the correct frequency (% correct - rate = 52.3 ą 30.1 vs 91.4 ą 12.1; P < 0.001) and ventilation volume (% correct - V = 40.6 ą 28.2 vs 85.3 ą 15.0; P < 0.001) was demonstrated. No statistically significant impact of service duration and age on evaluating parameters in stages 1 and 2 was shown. Conclusion: Software assistance and the possibility of real-time feedback significantly improve the quality of ventilation conducted by firefighters using SAD. More training using elements of medical simulation with visual feedback should be introduced so that firefighters improve ventilation quality under realistic conditions. Consideration should be given to including tools for assessing CPR quality in CPR rescue kits, especially in units that, according to statistics, handle a larger number of EMS interventions.^aemergency medical rescue^afirefighting operations^arescue operations^aventilation^a10.5603/demj.97341^aDudziński, Łukasz^cy^aairway patency^aFINAL_PUBLISHED^bCC-BY-NC-ND^cBEFORE_PUBLICATION^eOPEN_JOURNAL^aHigh-quality ventilation in unconscious victims is a priority action for first responders at the scene. Firefighters often arrive first at the scene, providing medical assistance at the level of qualified first aid (QFA). This research aimed to evaluate the quality of ventilation using supraglottic methods with and without visual feedback and self-inflating bags during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by members of the State Fire Service (SFS). Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in organizational units of the State Fire Service (SFS) in the Lubelskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeships (24-hour duty officers). 112 firefighters aged 26-48 years (Mean 33.1; SD 6.7), with service duration of 1-20 years (Mean 7.3; SD 4.7) participated in the study. The study involved a 2-minute supraglottic ventilation (self-expanding bag + I-gel mask, size 4: 50-90 kg). Subsequently, 2-minute ventilation was conducted with the effectiveness visible on the monitor in real-time. The following ventilation variables were recorded: frequency (per minute), the volume of each inhalation (mL), and the ratio of correct to incorrect single inhalations (%). Results: It was shown that in stage 1, firefighters more often (P < 0.001) performed ventilation at an excessively high frequency (max rate = 14 ą 4) compared to stage 2 (max rate = 11 ą 1). A statistically significant influence of the possibility of assessment and correction of rescue actions in real-time on the correct frequency (% correct - rate = 52.3 ą 30.1 vs 91.4 ą 12.1; P < 0.001) and ventilation volume (% correct - V = 40.6 ą 28.2 vs 85.3 ą 15.0; P < 0.001) was demonstrated. No statistically significant impact of service duration and age on evaluating parameters in stages 1 and 2 was shown. Conclusion: Software assistance and the possibility of real-time feedback significantly improve the quality of ventilation conducted by firefighters using SAD. More training using elements of medical simulation with visual feedback should be introduced so that firefighters improve ventilation quality under realistic conditions. Consideration should be given to including tools for assessing CPR quality in CPR rescue kits, especially in units that, according to statistics, handle a larger number of EMS interventions.^aemergency medical rescue^afirefighting operations^arescue operations^aventilation Autorzy: , , Oryginalny artykuł naukowy publikacja bezkosztowa 99959940.0000040.000PUNKTACJA KBNPUNKTACJA MINISTERSTWA40.000PUNKTACJA UWM 009959.000 Q 003 Vol. 9 2543-5957 CC-BY-NC-ND original-articleF000.00998899009999.0002451-4691003Evaluation of ventilation quality conducted by firefighters during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitationDisaster and Emergency Medicine Journal20242451-46912023/202410.5603/demj.97341Dudziński, Łukaszairway patencyFINAL_PUBLISHEDHigh-quality ventilation in unconscious victims is a priority action for first responders at the scene. Firefighters often arrive first at the scene, providing medical assistance at the level of qualified first aid (QFA). This research aimed to evaluate the quality of ventilation using supraglottic methods with and without visual feedback and self-inflating bags during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by members of the State Fire Service (SFS). Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in organizational units of the State Fire Service (SFS) in the Lubelskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeships (24-hour duty officers). 112 firefighters aged 26-48 years (Mean 33.1; SD 6.7), with service duration of 1-20 years (Mean 7.3; SD 4.7) participated in the study. The study involved a 2-minute supraglottic ventilation (self-expanding bag + I-gel mask, size 4: 50-90 kg). Subsequently, 2-minute ventilation was conducted with the effectiveness visible on the monitor in real-time. The following ventilation variables were recorded: frequency (per minute), the volume of each inhalation (mL), and the ratio of correct to incorrect single inhalations (%). Results: It was shown that in stage 1, firefighters more often (P < 0.001) performed ventilation at an excessively high frequency (max rate = 14 ą 4) compared to stage 2 (max rate = 11 ą 1). A statistically significant influence of the possibility of assessment and correction of rescue actions in real-time on the correct frequency (% correct - rate = 52.3 ą 30.1 vs 91.4 ą 12.1; P < 0.0. Tytuł pracy: Tytuł pracy w innym języku: original-articleF000.00998899009999.0002451-4691003Evaluation of ventilation quality conducted by firefighters during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitationDisaster and Emergency Medicine Journal20242451-46912023/202410.5603/demj.97341Dudziński, Łukaszairway patencyFINAL_PUBLISHEDHigh-quality ventilation in unconscious victims is a priority action for first responders at the scene. Firefighters often arrive first at the scene, providing medical assistance at the level of qualified first aid (QFA). This research aimed to evaluate the quality of ventilation using supraglottic methods with and without visual feedback and self-inflating bags during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by members of the State Fire Service (SFS). Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in organizational units of the State Fire Service (SFS) in the Lubelskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeships (24-hour duty officers). 112 firefighters aged 26-48 years (Mean 33.1; SD 6.7), with service duration of 1-20 years (Mean 7.3; SD 4.7) participated in the study. The study involved a 2-minute supraglottic ventilation (self-expanding bag + I-gel mask, size 4: 50-90 kg). Subsequently, 2-minute ventilation was conducted with the effectiveness visible on the monitor in real-time. The following ventilation variables were recorded: frequency (per minute), the volume of each inhalation (mL), and the ratio of correct to incorrect single inhalations (%). Results: It was shown that in stage 1, firefighters more often (P < 0.001) performed ventilation at an excessively high frequency (max rate = 14 ą 4) compared to stage 2 (max rate = 11 ą 1). A statistically significant influence of the possibility of assessment and correction of rescue actions in real-time on the correct frequency (% correct - rate = 52.3 ą 30.1 vs 91.4 ą 12.1; P < 0.001) and ventilation volume (% correct - V = 40.6 ą 28.2 vs 85.3 ą 15.0; P < 0.001) was demonstrated. No statistically significant impact of service duration and age on evaluating parameters in stages 1 and 2 : Oryginalny artykuł naukowy : publikacja bezkosztowa : 99959940.0000040.000PUNKTACJA KBNPUNKTACJA MINISTERSTWA40.000PUNKTACJA UWM : 009959.000 : Q : 003 : Vol. 9 : 2543-5957 : CC-BY-NC-ND Cykl: F000.00998899009999.0002451-4691003Evaluation of ventilation quality conducted by firefighters during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitationDisaster and Emergency Medicine Journal20242451-46912023/202410.5603/demj.97341Dudziński, Łukaszairway patencyFINAL_PUBLISHEDHigh-quality ventilation in unconscious victims is a priority action for first responders at the scene. Firefighters often arrive first at the scene, providing medical assistance at the level of qualified first aid (QFA). This research aimed to evaluate the quality of ventilation using supraglottic methods with and without visual feedback and self-inflating bags during simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by members of the State Fire Service (SFS). Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in organizational units of the State Fire Service (SFS) in the Lubelskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeships (24-hour duty officers). 112 firefighters aged 26-48 years (Mean 33.1; SD 6.7), with service duration of 1-20 years (Mean 7.3; SD 4.7) participated in the study. The study involved a 2-minute supraglottic ventilation (self-expanding bag + I-gel mask, size 4: 50-90 kg). Subsequently, 2-minute ventilation was conducted with the effectiveness visible on the monitor in real-time. The following ventilation variables were recorded: frequency (per minute), the volume of each inhalation (mL), and the ratio of correct to incorrect single inhalations (%). Results: It was shown that in stage 1, firefighters more often (P < 0.001) performed ventilation at an excessively high frequency (max rate = 14 ą 4) compared to stage 2 (max rate = 11 ą 1). A statistically significant influence of the possibility of assessment and correction of rescue actions in real-time on the correct frequency (% correct - rate = 52.3 ą 30.1 vs 91.4 ą 12.1; P < 0.001) and ventilation volume (% correct - V = 40.6 ą 28.2 vs 85.3 ą 15.0; P < 0.001) was demonstrated. No statistically significant impact of service duration and age on evaluating parameters in stages 1 and 2 was shown. Conclusion: Software assistance and the possibility of real-time feedback significantly improve the quality of ventilation conducted by firefighters using SAD. More training using elements of medical simulation with visual feedback should be introduced so that firefighters improve ventilation quality under realistic conditions. Consideration should be given to including tools for assessing CPR quality in CPR rescue kits, especially in units that, according to statistics, handle a larger number of EMS int Punktacja ministerstwa: Słowa kluczowe ang.: Streszczenie:
form of an annual analysis of the accident rate. For the purposes of further analysis and calculations, several definitions were adopted: animal evacuation, animal relocation, access to animals. Results: In the years 2020-2022, 67 firefighter injuries of animal origin were registered: animals, birds, as well as hymenopteran insects (stings), and ticks (bites). Interventions involving animals accounted for 8.8% of all firefighter operations. An analysis was conducted to identify the most common cause (species) and location (body area) of firefighter injuries in rescue and firefighting operations with animals. The most common cause of injuries was identified (species): dog (13%), cat (31%), hymenoptera (25%) and the location of injury to firefighters (body area): hand (55%), head (16%). Conclusions: The overall number of injuries is small compared to the number of incidents with animals, which may be related to good firefighter protection and effective procedures. To avoid zoonotic injuries to the palm area, fire trucks should be provided with a set of general-use veterinary gloves + disposable nitrile gloves that will ensure hygiene when used by many people. The interventions towards animals throughout Poland are on a large scale, which creates a health risk for firefighters, as rescued animals under stress and towards strangers behave in an unpredictable manner, adequate to a given stress reaction.^aenvironmental hazards^afirefighters^afire operations^ahealth hazards^arescue operations^ascratch^azoonotic injuries
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Autorzy: . Szczegóły: Tytuł monografii: FINAL_PUBLISHEDIn recent years, there has been increasing interest in firearms in Poland, which may be related to the armed conflict in the territory of our eastern neighbors. Programs are being implemented to familiarise and promote sport shooting in society. The aim of this research was to obtain information on the knowledge of persons serving in Fire Protection Units (FPU) in safety in incidents with firearms and firearms ammunition, the risk of their use, their use or effects of such use. Material and method : CC-BY-NC-ND, OPEN_JOURNAL / AT_PUBLICATION Charakterystyka wg MNiSW: Słowa kluczowe ang.: DOI:
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Nr opisu: mand of the Polish State Fire Service (MC SFS). This department gathered data from across Poland in the form of an annual accident rate analysis. Reports included the number of injured firefighters, their age and service tenure, cause and circumstances of the accident (injury), with a distinction between individual and collective accidents, and location (province). Results: During the analysed period, there were 630 events (Mean 70.1; SD 36.3) leading to firefighter injuries related to firefighting sports. These incidents constituted 10.9% of all sports-related injuries, following team sports such as football (61% of sports injuries) and volleyball (19% of sports injuries). Conclusions: Firefighting sports approximate the nature of many incidents that firefighters encounter during their service. Competitions in firefighting sports simulate the combat tasks of firefighters. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) reports did not allow for the analysis of data regarding the age and service tenure of the injured firefighters. Firefighters' training related to participation in competitions may positively influence their psychophysical state during rescue and firefighting tasks.^aPaństwowa Straż Pożarna^afirefighter^aSłużba strażaków w jednostce ratowniczo-gaśniczej (JRG) obejmuje ratowanie poszkodowanych osób, ograniczanie i kontrolowanie rozprzestrzeniania się pożaru, eliminacji miejscowych zagrożeń, działań ratowniczo-gaśniczych podczas zagrożeń pogodowych, przemysłowych, budowlanych, drogowych. Podczas tych interwencji strażacy ryzykują własne życie i zdrowie, ratując innych ludzi, zwierzęta lub mienie. Wykonywanie tego zawodu wiąże się z wysokimi obciżeniami psychofizycznymi ze względu dużą liczbę czynników ryzyka, pracy pod presją czasu, zmiennych i niekorzystnych warunkach. Cel: Analiza urazów związanych ze sportem pożarniczym podczas służby w Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w latach 2014-2022 w całej Polsce. Materiał i metody: Badanie obejmowało analizę danych pochodzących z Biura Kadr, Wydziału ds. Bezpieczeństwa i Higieny Pracy i Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej Komendy Głównej Państwowej Straży Pożarnej (KG PSP). Wydział ds. BHP i Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej, gromadziło dane z całej Polski w postaci rocznej analizy stanu wypadkowości. Raporty obejmowały liczbę poszkodowanych strażaków, wiek i staż służby poszkodowanych, przyczynę i okoliczności zaistnienia wypadku (urazu), z uwzględnieniem podziału na wypadki indywidualne i zbiorowe, oraz lokalizację (województwo). Wyniki: W okresie objętym analizą wystąpiło 630 zdarzeń (Mean 70,1; SD 36,3), które doprowadziły do urazów strażaków związanych ze sportem pożarniczym. Zdarzenia te stanowiły 10,9% wszystand of the Polish State Fire Service (MC SFS). This department gathered data from across Poland in the form of an annual accident rate analysis. Reports included the number of injured firefighters, their age and service tenure, cause and circumstances of the accident (injury), with a distinction between individual and collective accidents, and location (province). Results: During the analysed period, there were 630 events (Mean 70.1; SD 36.3) leading to firefighter injuries related to firefighting sports. These incidents constituted 10.9% of all sports-related injuries, following team sports such as football (61% of sports injuries) and volleyball (19% of sports injuries). Conclusions: Firefighting sports approximate the nature of many incidents that firefighters encounter during their service. Competitions in firefighting sports simulate the combat tasks of firefighters. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) reports did not allow for the analysis of data regarding the age and service tenure of the injured firefighters. Firefighters' training related to participation in competitions may positively influence their psychophysical state during rescue and firefighting tasks.^aPaństwowa Straż Pożarna^afirefighter^aSłużba strażaków w jednostce ratowniczo-gaśniczej (JRG) obejmuje ratowanie poszkodowanych osób, ograniczanie i kontrolowanie rozprzestrzeniania się pożaru, eliminacji miejscowych zagrożeń, działań ratowniczo-gaśniczych podczas zagrożeń pogodowych, przemysłowych, budowlanych, drogowych. Podczas tych interwencji strażacy ryzykują własne życie i zdrowie, ratując innych ludzi, zwierzęta lub mienie. Wykonywanie tego zawodu wiąże się z wysokimi obciżeniami psychofizycznymi ze względu dużą liczbę czynników ryzyka, pracy pod presją czasu, zmiennych i niekorzystnych warunkach. Cel: Analiza urazów związanych ze sportem pożarniczym podczas służby w Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w latach 2014-2022 w całej Polsce. Materiał i metody: Badanie obejmowało analizę danych pochodzących z Biura Kadr, Wydziału ds. Bezpieczeństwa i Higieny Pracy i Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej Komendy Głównej Państwowej Straży Pożarnej (KG PSP). Wydział ds. BHP i Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej, gromadziło dane z całej Polski w postaci rocznej analizy stanu wypadkowości. Raporty obejmowały liczbę poszkodowanych strażaków, wiek i staż służby poszkodowanych, przyczynę i okoliczności zaistnienia wypadku (urazu), z uwzględnieniem podziału na wypadki indywidualne i zbiorowe, oraz lokalizację (województwo). Wyniki: W okresie objętym analizą wystąpiło 630 zdarzeń (Mean 70,1; SD 36,3), które doprowadziły do urazów strażaków związanych ze sportem pożarniczym. Zdarzenia te stanowiły 10,9% wszystkich urazów związanych ze sportem, ustępując dyscyplinom drużynowym: piłka nożna 61% urazów sportowych, siatkówka 19% urazów sportowych. Wnioski: Sport pożarniczy przybliża charakterystykę wielu zdarzeń, z którymi strażacy mierzą się podczas służby. Konkurencje w zawodach sportowo-pożarniczych symulują zadania bojowe strażaków. Raporty BHP nie umożliwiły analizy danych dotyczących wieku i stażu służby kontuzjowanych strażaków. Trening strażaków związany z uczestnictwem w zawodach może wpływać korzystnie na stan psychofizyczny podczas realizacji zadań ratowniczo-gaśniczych.^asport pożarniczy^afirefighting sports^astrażacy^ahealth hazards^azagrożenia zdrowotne^ainjury^azawody sportowo-pożarnicze^aPolish State Fire Service Autorzy: , . Tytuł równoległy: Charakterystyka formalna: ain Command of the Polish State Fire Service (MC SFS). This department gathered data from across Poland in the form of an annual accident rate analysis. Reports included the number of injured firefighters, their age and service tenure, cause and circumstances of the accident (injury), with a distinction between individual and collective accidents, and location (province). Results: During the analysed period, there were 630 events (Mean 70.1; SD 36.3) leading to firefighter injuries related to firefighting sports. These incidents constituted 10.9% of all sports-related injuries, following team sports such as football (61% of sports injuries) and volleyball (19% of sports injuries). Conclusions: Firefighting sports approximate the nature of many incidents that firefighters encounter during their service. Competitions in firefighting sports simulate the combat tasks of firefighters. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) reports did not allow for the analysis of data regarding the age and service tenure of the injured firefighters. Firefighters' training related to participation in competitions may positively influence their psychophysical state during rescue and firefighting tasks.^aPaństwowa Straż Pożarna^afirefighter^aSłużba strażaków w jednostce ratowniczo-gaśniczej (JRG) obejmuje ratowanie poszkodowanych osób, ograniczanie i kontrolowanie rozprzestrzeniania się pożaru, eliminacji miejscowych zagrożeń, działań ratowniczo-gaśniczych podczas zagrożeń pogodowych, przemysłowych, budowlanych, drogowych. Podczas tych interwencji strażacy ryzykują własne życie i zdrowie, ratując innych ludzi, zwierzęta lub mienie. Wykonywanie tego zawodu wiąże się z wysokimi obciżeniami psychofizycznymi ze względu dużą liczbę czynników ryzyka, pracy pod presją czasu, zmiennych i niekorzystnych warunkach. Cel: Analiza urazów związanych ze sportem pożarniczym podczas służby w Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w latach 2014-2022 w całej Polsce. Materiał i metody: Badanie obejmowało analizę danych pochodzących z Biura Kadr, Wydziału ds. Bezpieczeństwa i Higieny Pracy i Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej Komendy Głównej Państwowej Straży Pożarnej (KG PSP). Wydział ds. BHP i Profilaktyki Zdrowotnej, gromadziło dane z całej Polski w postaci rocznej analizy stanu wypadkowości. Raporty obejmowały liczbę poszkodowanych strażaków, wiek i staż służby poszkodowanych, przyczynę i okoliczności zaistnienia wypadku (urazu), z uwzględnieniem podziału na wypadki indywidualne i zbiorowe, oraz lokalizację (województwo). Wyniki: W okresie objętym analizą wystąpiło 630 zdarzeń (Mean 70,1; SD 36,3), które doprowadziły do urazów strażaków związanych ze sportem pożarniczym. Zdarzenia te stanowiły 10,9% wszystkich urazów związanych ze sportem, ustępując dyscyplinom drużynowym: pi Charakterystyka merytoryczna: Język publikacji: Praca recenzowana Słowa kluczowe: Słowa kluczowe ang.: ; ; Inne bazy podające opis: